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Many normal stem cells express high levels of ABC transporters [45].
Many normal stem cells, such as hematopoietic or stem cells from tissues are capable, under special culture conditions, to form three-dimensional spheres, which can differentiate into multiple cell types.
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Many normal intestinal stem cell markers also mark CSCs.
The cells, called cancer stem cells or cancer stem-like cells, share many properties of normal stem cell, such as relative quiescence, resistance to drugs and toxins, an active DNA-repair capacity, and a resistance to apoptosis, thus providing for a long lifespan.
It has been proposed that CSC share many qualities with normal stem cells since the vast majority of them also should stay quiescent and be able to self-renew.
Cancer stem cells have been isolated from leukaemias and solid tumours and share many properties with normal stem cells.
It is now clear that many pathways of normal stem cells, which guide cellular proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis, are also prominent in CSCs [ 1].
Cancer stem-like cells share many properties with normal stem cells: they have a protracted lifespan, relative quiescence, ability for self-renewal, the capacity to induce tumourigenesis, and resistance to chemotherapeutic agents and apoptosis (Reya et al, 2001; Beachy et al, 2004; Sales et al, 2007; Wu et al, 2007).
One of these populations, termed cancer stem cells (CSCs), possess many phenotypic similarities to normal stem cells, such as having the ability to upregulate DNA repair kinases to evade radiation-induced genomic damage (Bao et al, 2006a).
Cancer stem cells are likely to share many of the properties of normal stem cells that include a long lifespan, relative quiescence, resistance to drugs and toxins through the expression of several ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters, an active DNA-repair capacity, and a resistance to apoptosis.
Targeting cells having EMT and cancer stem cell features appears a difficult task as normal stem cells share many identical characteristics.
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