ABCG2 is widely expressed in many normal vital organs such as liver, lung, spleen, kidney, brain, nerve, skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle, testis, pancreas, small intestine, and trachea and also in a variety of tumors without tissue specificity [ 38, 39].
Somatostatin receptors (SSRs) are present in many different normal organ systems, such as the central nervous system (CNS), the gastrointestinal tract, the exocrine, and endocrine pancreas, breast, and lung, making it a viable disease target [ 52].
Expression of the GSTO genes is observed in many normal tissues and organs, such as liver, colon, ovaries, pancreas, prostate, and spleen [ 49].
Many organs including the kidney can be affected [ 9].
No visible cross-reactivity with normal organs was observed.
Few studies report nanoparticle-mediated radiotoxicity to normal organs.
However, like many other ligand modified liposomes these preparations suffered from enhanced uptake by the reticulo endothelial system (RES) and off-targeted interaction with integrin receptors vastly expressed in normal organs causing poor biodistribution and toxic effects.
Both voxel-level (voxel-S) and organ-level dosimetry approaches were used to evaluate tumors' and normal organs' doses.
Tissue array network cohort: An FDA normal human organ tissue microarray was used to characterize ALDH1 expression in normal organs.
