It was shown that many patterning mutants affect the capability of cells for homo- or heterotypic interactions and as a result their ability to aggregate (Inaba et al, Science, 2012; Maderspacher and Nüsslein-Volhard, Development, 2003; Eom et al, PLOS Genetics, 2013).
Mutants affecting this trait have been characterised.
Mutants affecting all stages of meiosis, ranging from the initiation to the regulation of chromosome pairing and control of the second division, have been carefully described and many of the causal genes have been cloned (Cande et al. 2009).
Many existent sex determination mutants affect the germline, including nonconditional and temperature-sensitive alleles of varying strengths and tissue specificities.
However, since the development of all three chromatophore lineages is unaffected in enz mutants until late in their embryonic development and many mutants and identified genes selectively affect individual or subsets of chromatophore types [14], [16], [17], [70], [74], the regulation of earlier stages of chromatophore development is at least partially genetically distinct.
In Arabidopsis, many mutants are described that are affected in pollen development and pollen tube growth.
Although many mutants have been reported to affect SA accumulation, no direct transcriptional regulators of genes like ICS1 or PBS3 have been identified.
Although many mutants defective for spermatogenesis and/or fertilization have been identified in genetic screens, most mutations affect both male and hermaphrodite sperm equally and none specifically affect male precedence (reviewed in Nishimura and L'Hernault, 2010).
Moreover, neither U2 snRNA mutant affected the 6-AU sensitivity of the double mutant.
