Many promising lead compounds are being identified through screenings of large biological and synthetic peptide libraries [9], such as phage displayed random peptide libraries,[10], [11].
Searche for new targets has continued with many promising lead compounds identified [ 8- 38].
In the field of toxicology, drug safety laboratories have begun to use these technologies to assist research to conduct toxicity evaluations on as many potential lead compounds as feasible and to gain a better understanding of the mechanisms of toxicities.
The features of the target compounds were based on the structures of many biologically active lead compounds with cAMP phosphodiesterase III inhibiting activity such as Milrinone and others.
The structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies have acquired greater attention amid medicinal chemists, and many of the lead compounds were derived for various disease targets.
This high-throughput screen has yielded many promising new lead compounds, including S20, which will potentially shed light on the molecular mechanisms of viral infection and serve as research tools or be developed for clinical use as antivirals.
Natural products offer many opportunities to find lead compounds for drug discovery [6, 7, 8, 9, 10].
Many compounds extracted from traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) had been determined as potential lead compounds for many different diseases, such as stroke [ 30– 32], tumors [ 33– 36], inflammation [ 37], metabolic syndrome [ 38– 40], viral infection [ 41, 42], and some disorders [ 43– 43].
Many in silico researches had indicated that compounds extracted from traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) can be used as potential lead compounds for many different diseases [ 19], such as cancer [ 20– 23], diabetes [ 24], inflammation [ 25], influenza [ 26], metabolic syndrome [ 27, 28], stroke [ 29– 32], viral infection [ 33], and some other diseases [ 34, 35].
