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While there aren't many external morphological differences between queens and workers there are some internal traits that can be signals of a wasp's social status.
For example, standardized photographs of individuals allow quantifying many external morphological traits.
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Plants have many external structural defenses that discourage herbivory.
An iron-binding protein common to many external secretions.
Stored-product psocids have small bodies and are difficult to identify to species using external morphological characteristics.
A parallel scanning electron microscopy study further linked external morphological events to internal degradation-induced structural changes.
Grimm (1981) considered it to be a distinct species due to external morphological differences (color and shell shape).
These adults were examined for external morphological defects.
In this way, beside external morphological characters also internal morphological, genetic, physiological and molecular characters can be included easily.
Homozygous Eda and Edar mutant mice were identified according to external morphological criteria, such as the bald spot behind ears.
The species P. cristiceps was originally described based on external morphological characteristics as well as some skeletal features [3].
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