This increases the chance that every pathogen will contain many epitopes recognised by individuals within the population and places restraints on a pathogen's ability to escape immune control.
Many epitopes are short peptides, which immunogenicity is low unless conjugated to a carrier protein.
On the other hand, D10 who also has DRB1*07 but in addition, DRB1*13, showed a positive response to many epitopes in common with D11 along with unique responses to some epitopes (Table 4).
Integrins are large, conformationally active transmembrane proteins and have many epitopes that might be lost.
In parallel, classic "non-inflating," central memory responses develop against many epitopes.
Therefore, the absence or presence of an epitope precursor at a certain position results in either zero or many epitopes reported at that position.
Other repertoires were flat and broad, suggesting many epitopes or codominance among the epitopes in their specificities, or greater diversity among individuals for these specificities.
This is to be expected since polyclonals are derived from a family of B cells and recognize many different epitopes on the same protein, whereas monoclonals, derived from a single B cell clone are specific for single epitopes.
The sera of patients with RA contain a family of highly disease-specific autoantibodies termed ACPA which recognize citrulline-centered peptidic epitopes on many proteins, like filaggrin, vimentin, and fibrin.
The conservation of predicted O-glycosylation sites in other herpesvirus gB-NTs suggests that this evasion mechanism is widespread; indeed, much as N-linked glycans protect conformational epitopes (Burton et al, 2005; Knossow and Skehel, 2006), O-glycans could protect linear epitopes on many viral glycoprotein N termini.
