Sentence examples for many downstream effectors from inspiring English sources

Most of the neurotransmitter and neuromodulator receptors are GPCRs, and many downstream effectors of GPCRs are also up-regulated in G4 (Table S14).

Most of the neurotransmitter receptors are G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) and many downstream effectors of GPCRs are up-regulated in G4 (Table S14).

The PCP and Wnt/Ca++ pathways have many downstream effectors, such as Ca++-sensitive enzymes, small GTPases, and JNK, which may vary in different cell types, but commonly regulate cell polarity and movement via changes in cytoskeletal dynamics [6], [24] [29].

In addition to Wnt ligands, the Wnt signaling pathway comprises many downstream effectors, including Dvl and GSK-3 β [ 56].

Although the mechanism by which they achieve these functions is unclear, the CPC is important for recruitment of many downstream effectors.

PI3K/Akt, which plays a key role in multiple cellular processes, regulates cellular survival and metabolism by binding and regulating many downstream effectors.

B-Raf, the protein product of BRAF, is a serine/threonine protein kinase and the first in the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade which is one of the many downstream effector pathways of Ras.

Ras is a small GTPase that connects RTK activation to the triggering of many downstream effector pathways including MAP kinase cascades.

T-oligo/WRN interaction results in formation of DNA γH2AX damage-like foci at the telomeres [ 25] with activation of ATM [ 8, 32] and its many downstream effector proteins, leading to apoptosis and senescence [ 5, 7, 8, 32].

The central clock transcription factors that participate in their own cyclical expression and that of other core clock genes also either directly or indirectly drive daily oscillations in the expression of many downstream effector genes.

Many downstream signaling effectors involved in malignancy are regulated by both Stat3 and NF-κB, such that targeting both of these signaling pathways at once by combining ATRA + AUR, may produce a synergistic tumor suppressive effect.