Motivation: DNA methylation is an intensely studied epigenetic mark implicated in many biological processes of direct clinical relevance.
Since then many DNA processing enzymes have been discovered and many technologies have been developed to process and manipulate DNA with these enzymes.
Similarly, eukaryotic counterparts of the nuclease Dna2 (including the worm homolog DNA-2) have been implicated in many DNA metabolic processes, complicating interpretation of its DNA repair functions (Budd et al. 2005; Huertas 2010; Kang et al. 2010; Lee et al. 2003).
Most experiments used HeLa extracts, which support many DNA metabolic processes in vitro, such as replication, repair and transcription.
One PTM that has been well studied with regard to reader proteins is histone lysine methylation — a PTM linked to many DNA-templated processes including transcription, DNA replication and DNA repair.
Histones and their posttranslational modifications influence the regulation of many DNA-dependent processes.
Furthermore, WRN interacts physically and functionally with many DNA binding proteins involved in DNA repair processes.
Many DNA polymerases have a proofreading activity.
This process is called transcription-coupled DNA repair, and it modulates the mutagenic spectrum of many DNA-damaging agents.
Human exonuclease 1 (EXO1) has been implicated in many different DNA metabolic processes, including DNA mismatch repair (MMR), micro-mediated end-joining, homologous recombination (HR), and replication [ 1– 6].
