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"Adapting to this environment is not a magic trick; it's something these organisms have been able to achieve in many different evolutionary lineages," said Dr. Mitchell L. Sogin, director of the Josephine Bay Paul Center for comparative molecular biology and evolution at the Marine Biological Laboratory in Woods Hole, Mass.
Such an inclusive standard is essential because many different evolutionary trajectories can lead to the same outcome.
Over the last two decades, many different evolutionary algorithms (EAs) have been introduced for solving constrained optimization problems (COPs).
This result highlights the genomic diversity within pathogenic E.coli, and that there are many different evolutionary pathways to pathogenicity.
The components of biotin-dependent carboxylases have been duplicated, recombined and fused many times across evolution and, thus, many different evolutionary scenarios can be proposed.
This approach demonstrates that the same mutation can produce many different evolutionary outcomes, while the same evolved state can be produced by many different mutations.
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Over the years, many different approaches in Evolutionary Fuzzy Systems have been developed for improving the behavior of fuzzy systems, either acting on the Fuzzy Rule Base Systems' elements, or by defining new approaches for the evolutionary components.
However, some of the putative forces are likely to be general, since multicellularity has arisen many different times in evolutionary history [ 7, 8].
We can now document the origin of the odd-toed perissodactyls, their early evolution when horses, brontotheres, rhinoceroses, and tapirs can barely be distinguished, and the subsequent evolution and radiation of these groups into distinctive lineages with many different species and interesting evolutionary transformations through time.
This winter, many different paths in this evolutionary process converged to tip the paradigm over.
Once thought to be a single enzyme, multiple cytochrome P-450 enzymes have been purified and characterized from many different species across the evolutionary tree.
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