Electromagnetic stimulation is a non-invasive technology that could have a direct impact on many cellular pathways.
This may explain the extremely wide range of interacting partners of VAP, with components of many cellular pathways binding it to access the ER.
miRNAs negatively regulate gene expression at post-transcriptional level, and consequently play an important role in the control of many cellular pathways.
The small modifier protein ubiquitin regulates many cellular pathways.
Activity of mTORC1 is regulated by many cellular pathways and players other than REDD1, one of the most prominent being the AKT kinase [16], [27].
Oxygen is a key modulator of many cellular pathways, but current devices permitting in vitro oxygen modulation fail to meet the needs of biomedical research.
Intriguingly, as a vital node in posttranscriptional regulation, miRNAs participate in many cellular pathways in both physiological and pathological conditions [10].
Cullin-RING complexes are the largest group of ubiquitin ligases and are involved in the regulation of many cellular pathways [21].
Inconsistently with our findings, Dalton RM reported that Hsp70 was not responsible for down-regulation of viral RNAs synthesis by using quercetin to inhibit Hsp70 synthesis [49], Quercetin has been proved to be involved in many cellular pathways in addition to the inhibition of Hsp70 synthesis.
Gene expression program, rather than a simple assembly line to process mRNAs, is a complex network systematically coordinating many cellular pathways including transcription initiation-elongation-termination, RNA processing, transcription-coupled DNA repair, nuclear export of mRNAs, translation and RNA/protein degradation [1], [2], [3].
