Many key cellular bacterial components, including enzymes and small noncoding RNAs (sRNAs), and their involvement in MDR have been well studied, but exploiting such components in eradicating these pathogens requires further study.
While many bacterial capsular polymeric components have been studied for their ability to stimulate a TI antibody response, it remained to be tested whether bacterial flagellin (FliC), a major antigen present on many commensal and pathogenic microbes, can be exploited as a scaffold for TI vaccines [ 11, 12].
The outer membrane portal of the Klebsiella oxytoca type II secretion system, PulD, is a prototype of a family of proteins, the secretins, which are essential components of many bacterial secretion and pilus assembly machines.
Prophages, integral components of many bacterial genomes, play significant roles in cognate host bacteria, such as virulence, toxin biosynthesis and secretion, fitness cost, genomic variations, and evolution.
Most viral vaccines are based on live attenuated viruses, while many bacterial vaccines are based on acellular components of micro-organisms, including harmless toxin components.
Extracellular DNA is an essential matrix component produced by many bacterial species during biofilm development [13], [15], [16], [33], [34].
Here we highlight the chimeric quality of T4BSSs that possess components with similarity to many bacterial secretion systems.
Despite many years of research, the total complement of bacterial components that are involved in infection by A. pleuropneumoniae has yet to be identified.
Hemolysin is a potential virulence factor in many bacterial pathogens.
