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Geobacter metallireducens metabolizes many aromatic compounds, but the enzymes involved are not well known.
Chorismic acid is the direct precursor of many aromatic compounds, including aromatic amino acids, folate, ubiquinones and other isoprenoid quinones [ 1].
The bacteria use these contaminants as the carbon and energy sources for growth, and they can oxidize many aromatic compounds completely to carbon dioxide.
More specifically, P. putida KT2440 degrades many aromatic compounds into a limited number of intermediates using a few catabolic pathways that were captured in iJN746.
Although the genome of G. bemidjiensis corroborates the observation that it cannot degrade as many aromatic compounds as G. metallireducens [ 39, 42, 46], it also suggests that G. bemidjiensis can detoxify some aromatic pollutants without degrading them.
Thus, this study shows that many aromatic compounds present in endemic area Pliocene lignite coals are water-soluble (at least in part, as particles are ≤1 μm), water-leachable, and water-extractable.
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Laccases catalyze the oxidation of a variety of substituted phenols and many other aromatic compounds without any other requirement than oxygen from air.
Acetate also represses catabolism of many other aromatic compounds [ 31], but as this phenomenon is well understood it should be feasible to remove genes responsible for this repression, such as crc which codes for catabolite repression control protein Crc [ 32], from the genome of A. baylyi ADP1, if advantageous for bioprocesses.
Metabolic routes to produce muconate from both sugars and many lignin-derived aromatic compounds require the use of a decarboxylase to convert protocatechuate (PCA, 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate) to catechol (1,2-dihydroxybenzene), two central aromatic intermediates in this pathway.
Many nitrogen-containing aromatic compounds (NACs), such as nitrobenzene (NB), 4-nitrophenol (4-NP), aniline (AN), and 2,4-dinitrophenol (2,4-DNP), are environmentally hazardous, and their removal from contaminated water is one of the main challenges facing wastewater treatment plants.
Many aromatic and phenolic compounds can therefore be mapped without any external probes [11], [12].
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