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Head and foot points were manually marked in the videos, although there are many algorithms for automatic human detection.
The head and foot points were manually marked in the video to evaluate camera calibration and height estimation accuracy.
Reference temperatures taken from the hot plate's internal sensor were manually marked in the videos.
Their plasma membranes and nuclear borders were manually marked in transmission electron microscopy (TEM) micrographs.
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Moreover, Table 3 shows that the method recognizes correctly more than 90% of the manually marked cells in 15 of 18 cases (93.0% in the mean).
To get ground truth, we manually marked all planes in the foreground and the dominant ones of the background, resulting in 231 planes in 56 images.
In the present study, we therefore marked and thus included into the calculations as many cells as possible for the two devices: All clearly visible cells on the picture for the Konan Robo instrument were selected, and for the Topcon device, cells were manually marked until the built-in software ceased further cell marking.
For Dataset-A, to limit the impact of inaccurate skeleton/pose estimation on the proposed method, we used manually marked key points in our tests.
For the IRES RNAs, the numbers mark the five largest EPM s from the set Eγ and correspond to the manually marked EPM s in Backofen and Siebert (2007).
(b) A point (red) manually marked within a zoomed area in both a color image (right) and a depth map (left).
The patellar mobility in the superior inferior direction was measured as the change in distance between manually marked points of the deep insertion to the caudal pole of the patella and tibia tuberosity.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com