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To ensure that a global optimum was found, the fitting procedure was initialized with 5000 different parameter combinations derived from the manual estimate by multiplying each parameter with a random number between 10−3 and 103.
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The manual estimates that a church produces an average of 5.8 vehicle trips per week for each seat in a sanctuary.
The U.S. Army's recently revised counterinsurgency manual estimates that an all-out counterinsurgency campaign in a country with Afghanistan's population would require about 600,000 troops.
A non-linear least-squares minimisation was carried out using the Solver tool add-in within Microsoft Excel TM), with intensity and width allowed to float freely from initial manual estimates, but positions fixed within +/- 1° limits.
The manual method's simplified flow estimation was a potential source of exposure misclassification in the prior breast cancer analyses, and we found this to be true for some residences when we compared manual estimates to those with the automated method.
Meanwhile, validation of DIA has been performed by comparing digital results with manual estimates, either quantitative or semi-quantitative, or by comparing DIA with another form of criterion standard, for example, fluorescence in situ hybridization, or by comparing DIA with clinical (often prognostic) information [ 9].
In this paper, a method to estimate the degree of bitumen coverage using image analysis has been developed instead of the manual estimation that is used today.
Mr. Couldrey, who recently acquired a new program, said he planned to spend an hour a day reading its 414-page manual and estimated that in about six months he would be ready to begin working toward his own idea of visual perfection.
It is therefore an error caused by the person performing the manual extraction estimating the value and is not due to errors in the reasoning process of the algorithm.
Based on feedback from our manual rater, we estimate that it takes about 10 minutes to manually delineate a single B-scan.
Burow et al. (2008) calibrated the original steady-state version of the local model using a combination of parameter estimation with MODFLOW (Hill et al. 2000) followed by a systematic manual calibration to estimate hydraulic conductivities of the four hydrofacies: gravel, sand, muddy sand, and mud.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com