Sentence examples for mantle based on from inspiring English sources

Fig. 2 Scatter plots of CMB heat flux anomalies vs. seismic shear velocity anomalies at the lowermost mantle based on mantle convection simulations.

We then calculate the modal compositions of minerals for the mantle based on Kimura et al. (20092010), as a function of pressure and temperature.

To construct the S-wave velocity model, we assumed a V p/V s ratio of 1.73 in the crust and 1.78 in the mantle based on the studies of Nakajima et al. (2009) and Hino et al. (2009).

It is difficult to explain the distribution of this low P-wave velocity anomaly along the lower seismic plane, but not in the surrounding mantle, based on the anisotropy of anhydrous peridotite alone.

We reconstructed the spatial distribution of eclogites in the cratonic mantle based on thermobarometry for ~ 240 xenoliths in 4 kimberlite pipes from different parts of the Slave craton (Canada).

Figure 3 Cross section (not to scale) of upper part of the Moon depicting the magma ocean concept resulting in the formation of anorthositic crust and mafic mantle based on part melting of the Moon.

The study of the crust upper mantle structure based on wide-angle seismic profiles performed in China mainland since 1958, has provided tighter constraints on the architecture and deformation of the lithosphere; but the link between the seismic velocity structure and the seismogenic layer of the crust is still an open problem in which we are particularly interested.

Similarly, creep deformation was simulated to occur locally in the cement mantle, also based on the local cement stress and the number of loading cycles.

The different models of the Moho, or crust-mantle boundary, based on these gravity or seismic datasets show little or no correlation, either for short or long-wavelength features, and show little correlation with new receiver function inferred crustal thickness estimates.

The stability of the field is known to be controlled by the thermal structure in the core-mantle boundary, based on the analysis of the statistical properties of marine magnetic anomaly time scales (McFadden and Merrill, 1984) and a numerical simulation of the geodynamo (Olson et al., 2010).

Irrespective of the pre- or post-molt stage, this newly identified protein had the highest gene expression compared to all other putative cement proteins located in the sub-mantle tissue based on transcript numbers (Fig.  3).