Two studies used manipulations that did not influence consumer behavior, and one study was equivocal.
Few people would include all manipulations of representations — including, say, painting a picture and recording a speech — as computations, but there is no consensus on where to draw the boundary between representational manipulations that count as computations and representational manipulations that do not.
Manipulations that do not affect the extracellular pH buffering, but only decrease the intracellular pH, lead to a similar inhibition of feedback.
One has to distinguish between image manipulations that do not change the quantitative information and those that do, incurring some loss of data in the process.
Accordingly, manipulations that do not produce crowding (e.g., a target Gabor with orthogonal flankers [ 5]) produce a TAE that is indistinguishable from that induced with a similar target in isolation.
The reactions to prolonged neuromodulation were studied here in networks of cultured rat cortical neurons exposed to experimental manipulations that do not fully capture many physiological aspects of (prolonged) neuromodulation.
On the other hand, manipulations that did not alter the brightness relationship of the stimuli in the lower hemifield (e.g., when the triangle only was shifted upward; see Fig. 5B, fourth bar) produced no drop in discrimination performance.
These results show that transgenic manipulation on its own did not change the Cu or Zn isotopic composition significantly.
Papers prepared for the Convention on Biodiversity last month identified specific Syn Bio techniques such as "directed evolution" and "metabolic engineering," while some scientists pointed to new epigenetic and RNA manipulation techniques that don't engage with DNA at all.
Minimal manipulation is codified as processing that does not alter the original relevant characteristics of the tissue.
