Therefore, these various changes in the uterus that result from surgical procedures or manipulation of the uterus during cesarean section may interfere with normal trophoblastic invasion and altered uteroplacental blood flow in subsequent pregnancies, causing preeclampsia.
Vaginal manipulation of the uterus in all directions greatly facilitates morcellation (sometimes pulling the uterus towards the vagina).
For vaginal manipulation of the uterus, we used the Clermont-Ferrand uterine manipulator (Karl Storz GmbH & Co., Tuttlingen, Germany).
The uterosacral ligaments were identified by manipulation of the uterus in the right and left lateral planes.
The positioning arm has a spherical workspace, and the three actuated joints are designed to satisfy specific geometric arrangement so that the manipulation of the uterus can be achieved in a decoupled manner.
The uterosacral ligaments will be identified by manipulation of the uterus in the right and left lateral planes.
Moreover, since a fetus can be imaged within uterus, manipulation of the sample is unnecessary and simple formalin fixation is sufficient, reducing the possibility of sample damages during preparation.
It frequently leads to emergency hysterectomies, surgical manipulation of organs adjacent to the uterus (ureter and bladder), respiratory distress syndrome, kidney failure, and even death [ 2, 3].
