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The aim of this study was to determine whether early manipulation of intestinal microbiota actually programs adult microbiota in rats.
However, simple protocols for manipulation of intestinal microbiota in experimental animals are also needed.
Several commensal bacteria are known to induce their hosts to provide their preferred nutrients through direct manipulation of intestinal cells.
We demonstrate that targeted manipulation of intestinal microbiota through FMT may elicit microecological and immunological mechanisms to maintain intestinal homeostasis and protect the patient.
We tested this in volunteers by measuring changes in serum oestrogen levels in response to manipulation of intestinal transit times with senna and loperamide, then comparing the results with changes caused by wheat bran.
Subcutaneous 0.05 mg/kg atropine sulfate in 10 ml/kg 0.9% NaCl was given to reduce respiratory tract secretion, to block vagal reflexes elicited by manipulation of intestinal viscera, and to replace water vapor loss.
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We present the first direct demonstration that manipulation of the intestinal microbiota alters the development of CAC.
Therapeutic manipulation of the intestinal flora offers considerable promise for treating IBD [ 2].
Intestinal DCs are a crucial link between the innate and adaptive immune responses and thus provide an attractive target for therapeutic manipulation of the intestinal immune response.
Recent advances in the knowledge of pathogenic mechanism suggest that future treatment may involve immunological approaches, such as pharmacologic inhibition of TLR signal, manipulation of the intestinal environment other than administration of specific nutrients.
19 Similarly, we found activation of the nucleus of the solitary tract in response to intestinal inflammation evoked by manipulation of the intestine.
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