Sentence examples for manipulation of ant from inspiring English sources

This set up resulted in the successful reconstruction of behavioral manipulation of ant behavior by a fungal parasite under controlled laboratory conditions.

Ultimately, the manipulation of ant host behavior results in biting the vegetation at an elevated position, which fixes the ant to a substrate and is crucial for fungal development and transmission [ 18, 60].

This SSP was not expressed in the fungal control culture, highly expressed during manipulation of ant behavior and 17-fold down-regulated again after manipulation (Additional file 8, sheet 2).

We report on a newly discovered species of Ophiocordyceps unilateralis sensu lato from North America that we use to address the species-specificity of Ophiocordyceps-induced manipulation of ant behavior.

- One of the most dramatic examples of a parasite extended phenotype is the manipulation of ant behavior by the fungus Ophiocordyceps unilateralis s.l., In a recent study we showed that the manipulation of the host ants by O. unilateralis s.l. is highly specific and beneficial to parasite fitness, thereby fulfilling the criteria of an extended phenotype.

The specific up-regulation of fungal tyrosinases during the behavioral manipulation of the ant host might therefore exert more than a mere virulence or environmental stress response function (Table  2 and Fig.  4).

Behavioral manipulation of worker ants by these fungi creates zombie ants [ 2, 4].

We assessed the species-specificity of ant brain manipulation by the specialized fungus O. unilateralis s.l.l

It could be expected that the above-mentioned example is not the only case of partner manipulation in a plant ant mutualism as EFNs may have important manipulative and direct effects on other aspects of ant biology and behaviour.

Hence, among the most obvious aspects of ant behaviour potentially affected by plant manipulation, there is aggression.

Here we focus on one of the most dramatic examples of behavioral manipulation, the death grip of ants infected by Ophiocordyceps fungi.