Our previous studies showed that binge-pattern ethanol (EtOH) treatment during pubertal development negatively dysregulated the responsiveness of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, as manifested by alterations in corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH), arginine vasopressin (AVP), and corticosterone (CORT) during this time period.
Despite high tertiary-structure conservation, evolutionary changes were manifested by alterations to protein surface characteristics, such as changes in electrostatic potential distribution.
The function of one or more of these systems is altered in the presence of disease or injury, and this may be clinically manifested by alterations in cognitive and motor function, physical fitness, habitual physical activity, and physical function.
We hypothesize that individual adults harboring metabolic alterations, as manifested by change of the biomarkers mentioned above, transmit the same patterns of biomarkers to their offspring.
This may be relevant to an imbalance of vascular function manifested by AQP1 alteration.
Studying proteins has been subject of interest for many researchers as any cell responses to stimuli or stress are manifested by the alteration of protein expression level.
It was reported that decline in total protein can be deemed as a useful index of the severity of cellular dysfunction in chronic liver diseases as manifested by the severe histopathological alterations of the liver tissue following DMBA treatment.
TBI is defined as traumatically induced physiological disruption of brain function, as manifested by loss of consciousness, memory impairment, alteration of mental state, and/or focal neurological deficits.
DCE-MRI monitoring revealed therapy-induced vascular alterations that were manifested by a significant decrease in Ktrans and concomitant increase in Tpeak.
Both human patients and experimental animals with advanced cancer often exhibit a poorly functioning immune system [ 12- 15], manifested by decreased T cell proliferation [ 16], alteration in signal-transducing molecules [ 17, 18], reduced CD4+ CD8+ ratios, and deficient production of Th-1 cytokines [ 16, 19, 20].
