Camilla Graham Wood, legal officer at Privacy International, said: "The UK, in enacting legislation that is almost identical to the European data retention directive which the [ECJ] ruled unlawful, is mandating data retention on a widespread, indiscriminate and untargeted basis.
"Even when medical journals mandate data sharing, only 10 27% of authors provide their dataset on request from external academic researchers".
At the same time, rules mandating data flows should be narrowly tailored with exceptions that clearly and explicitly allow for the protection of privacy and individual liberties," adds Public Citizen's Maybarduk.
According to Aditya Kalra in Reuters, an influential cloud policy panel has recommended that India mandate data localization in the country, for investigative and national security reasons, in a draft report set to be released later this year.
Finally, the bill would mandate data collection and reporting from area and state agencies on aging on their effectiveness in reaching LGBT older adults.
Such 'hold it all, because it might be useful one day' philosophies have been sufficient to incite European courts to strike down European laws that mandate data retention as a violation of basic rights.
In recent years, several major clinical research funders have adopted policies supporting or mandating data sharing.
14 HES reflects mandated data collected about patients after being admitted to hospital.
