It is a Congressionally mandated alternative to litigation that could have driven the airlines into bankruptcy -- a pot of money of undetermined size that is designed to substitute for awards that victims' families would have received had they taken the airlines to court.
An important difference is that ϕ k ∈ [0,∞) and shrinks to 1, while β k ∈ and shrinks to 0, mandating alternative prior formulations. To specify a prior distribution over δ = (δ1,..., δ2 n -2), we assume that each indicator acts a priori as an independent Bernoulli random variable (RV) with small success probability χ.
Environmental concerns have mandated alternatives to the use of chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) propellants in metered-dose inhalers.
Last week, Rep. Rob Bishop of Utah introduced legislation that would mandate an alternative to Gehry's design and eliminate further federal funding for the project.
Similarly, targeted genetic characterisation immediately upon biopsy may help to determine whether patients with localised disease have genetic alterations present that mandate an alternative treatment paradigm, as these men may have a higher risk of disease recurrence and faster progression to advanced disease.
However, the recent introduction of regulatory testing mandates, alternative testing strategies, and increased epidemiologic surveillance for food and waterborne disease should significantly improve the ability to detect and control these agents.
"Generally speaking, people are avoiding these streets," said Casey Allen, who served on the committee that developed the city's bike plan, part of the Transit-First policy, which mandates improving alternative forms of transportation.
Furthermore, the legislatures of several states (e.g., Alabama, Iowa, and Oklahoma) have recently introduced bills mandating that alternative theories to evolution, including ID, are presented in science classes (National Center for Science Education 2010).
A. The present policies of subsidizing and mandating inefficient alternatives is counterproductive.
The progressive neurodegenerative processes associated with a lifetime of uncontrolled seizures mandate the development of alternative approaches to treat this disease.
