Sentence examples for mandarin frequency of from inspiring English sources

Nine of the speakers were also asked to rate their Mandarin frequency of use.

Min proficiency and Mandarin frequency of use were also correlated [r(8) = −.67, p < .05].

There was also a marginal negative correlation between Min and Mandarin frequency of use [r(8) = −.59, p = .07].07]

In total, there were ten 漳 Chiang dialect speakers and seven Mix dialect speakers (Table 4 .13 Independent t tests showed no dialectal effect regarding Min and Mandarin proficiency, or Min and Mandarin frequency of use [Min proficiency: t(15) = − .86, ns.; Mandarin proficiency: t(15) = − .83, ns.; Min frequency: t(15) = − .93, ns.; Mandarin frequency: t(2.00) = 1.00, ns.].

Lai and Hsu (2013) studied a contact-induced sound change of →[l] among young speakers of Yami, an Austronesian language spoken on the Orchid Island in Taiwan, due to influences of Mandarin.9 They found that the rate of change is largely dependent on speakers' Mandarin competence and frequency of use, as Mandarin has [l] but not in its inventory.

Participants were asked to self-rate their Min and Mandarin proficiency levels and frequency of use on a 7-point Likert scale, with 1 being the least proficient/frequent and 7 being the most proficient/frequent.

Participants were asked to self-rate their Min and Mandarin proficiency levels and Min frequency of use on a seven-point Likert scale, with 1 being the least proficient/frequent and 7 being the most proficient/frequent.

As mentioned above, due to the strong influence of the official language Mandarin, the average Min proficiency and frequency of use are on a drastic decline, especially among younger speakers (Directorate-General of Budget 行政院主計總處 2013; Huang 黃宣範 1993; The United Daily News Group Poll Center 聯合報系民意調查中心 2002).

Open image in new window Fig. 2 Min and Mandarin average self-ratings on proficiency level and frequency of use.

The overall frequency of predicted SNPs in the mandarin fish transcriptome was one per 12,430 bp.

Open image in new window Fig. 2 Min and Mandarin self-rated Likert averages for a proficiency level and b frequency of use.