Psychological empowerment is defined as a psychological state that employees must experience for managerial empowerment interventions to be successful, which comprises four main dimensions: meaning, competence, self-determination, and impact (Meyerson and Kline 2008; Spreitzer 1995).
GPL motivates the most managerial interventions, probably due to its popularity and mixed feelings of the community with its adoption (loved by those who believe in "free software forever" and not so much by those primarily guided by competitive motivations).
Study participants in all three countries put the greatest emphasis on managerial-level interventions to improve ASRH services.
Innovativeness, under these circumstances, cannot be reified as something done to organizations via deliberate managerial interventions.
They can be used to design organizational or managerial interventions that increase effective utilization of IT.
In this study, the effect of the combined peer and managerial intervention was found to be most effective, which suggested the need for the development of comprehensive educational policies in the commercial establishments, which not only target the GROs, but also the management of the sex establishments, and their policy on condom use.
Managerial interventions are required because organizations primarily use these networks to integrate dispersed knowledge.
With regard to demand-side measures, engineering activities include organizational or managerial interventions such as prescribing targets, whereas economic interventions include penalties on devolved budgets, financial incentives linked to prescribing targets, as well as differential patient co-payments [ 76].
Up to this paper, we did not know if and what types of changes in these legal allowances project managers have made and, more importantly, whether such managerial interventions are associated with variations in intervened project attractiveness (i.e., related to their numbers of web hits, downloads and members).
Women make up nearly half the working population, but they remain under-represented at the highest echelons of organisations, even with the support of legislative and managerial interventions.
