Sentence examples for mammalian host with from inspiring English sources

Herein we will review the recent progress in proteomic analyses towards bacterial infection of their mammalian host with a particular focus on enteric pathogens.

Then, they transform into infective trypomastigotes, and the vector inoculates them subcutaneously into the mammalian host with infective feces.

The cycle starts with ticks taking a blood meal thereby infecting the mammalian host with sporozoites [ 20], which then invade erythrocytes and reproduce through asynchronous binary fission.

Trypanosomes are early divergent unicellular protists with a digenic lifecycle successively proliferating in an insect vector and a mammalian host, with several transitional forms.

Infection of the mammalian host with malaria is initiated when Plasmodium sporozoites, present in the salivary glands of an infected Anopheles mosquito, are introduced into the skin with the saliva as the mosquito probes for blood.

These are expressed at different stages of the lifecycle, one predominantly in the mosquito vector and the other in the mammalian host, with evidence that both can occur simultaneously for limited periods (Waters et al., 1989).

Pneumocystis spp. are yeast-like fungi that reside extracellularly in lung alveoli and can cause a lethal pneumonia (PCP) in mammalian hosts with debilitated immune systems.

The diversity of blood-sucking lice mirrors that of their mammalian hosts with 67% of the described species found on rodents [ 2, 5, 7].

The significance of these two temperatures stems from the two types of hosts that Y. pestis infects in the natural environment: insect vectors at ambient temperature and mammalian hosts with regulated body temperatures of about 37°C.

For example, B. bronchiseptica causes infections ranging from lethal pneumonia to asymptomatic respiratory carriage [ 2] and chronically colonizes the respiratory tracts of various mammalian hosts, with some lineages primarily isolated from humans [ 3].

A plausible hypothesis for emergence of these pathogens during this time period is that a major mammalian radiation during this same epoch [ 81] provided strains of Listeria and Salmonella that were able to colonize mammalian hosts with a selective advantage over less adapted or environmental strains.