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Exact(7)
There was no specific pattern of malformations in our study.
We did not include minor malformations in our analyses unless they were disfiguring or required treatment.
However, the Chiari II malformations in our series are exclusively in mid gestation fetuses, and roughly one-fifth demonstrate syringomyelia.
28 However, this theory cannot explain all the observed malformations in our cases – unusual facial cleft, craniofacial defect, amputation.
The overall proportion of malformations in our sample was 0.56% (n=172): 0.59% (n=137) in non-vaccinated women and 0.48% (n=35) in vaccinated women.
Yet, the different severities of temporal and frontal malformations in our FCD cases point to a differential sensitivity of cortical areas.
Similar(53)
Other effects of atrazine in X. laevis (e.g., gamete reduction/gonadal dysgenesis; Tavera-Mendoza et al. 2002a, 2002b) were not reported in our work, but treatments and husbandry differed greatly, and animals were not examined for this type of malformation in our studies.
Internal malformations observed in our cases also reflect mesodermal development defects.
Most of the congenital malformations diagnosed in our patient seem to indicate a particular subgroup of the caudal regression syndrome (CRS): the Currarino syndrome (CS).
46 This can be explained, as data on malformations included in our study are those minor and major defects diagnosed up to the seventh day by physical examination.
A study from Finland found no overall association with major malformation (as in our study) but presented no data on septal heart defects.
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