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Typically, the most dominant and aggressive males position themselves in the center of the lek, fending off all pretenders to this throne.
That suggests that flatwing males position themselves close to normal males from their local population and intercept females attracted to the call of the normal males, the researchers postulate in tomorrow's issue of Biology Letters.
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These cues include the males' positions within the chorus and differences in male display behaviors among other determinants.
There was no significant correlation between testosterone levels in the amniotic fluid of the female fetus and the number of males in a litter (r = −0.18, n.s)., the number of males in the uterine horn (r = −0.10, n.s)., or the number of males positioned above the target female in the horn (r = −0.06, n.s).s
Males' positions in the tank were randomized, except that two males of the same population were not allowed to be neighbours.
They found that when the male position was skewed a bit to one side or the other during copulation, the fungi appeared later on the female in a similarly offset position.
The male position is not the neutral position.
We have to stop assuming that the male position is objective, unbiased, nonpartisan, with no need to be qualified as male.
The issue of establishing women's achievements as "women's" but allowing the male position to be the assumed baseline goes far beyond sports.
The quarterback is often considered the most important and alpha male position in pro sports, but it wouldn't be fair or accurate to place all the blame on Brady.
In these species, only males in best bodily condition, thus prime males, can reach alpha-male position.
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com