Sentence examples for males may reduce from inspiring English sources

However, obtrusive males may reduce female fitness by exceeding the females' optimal number of matings [ 25- 27].

Globally, public education on drug use and mental disorders and programs specially designed for youths and/or males may reduce this clientele's reticence to use health-care services.

By doing so, males may reduce social costs associated with agonistic interactions, by avoiding contests with potentially stronger males (badge of status) [ 7, 10].

Indeed, obtrusive males may reduce female fitness in a variety of ways [ 25, 26, 63] ranging from physical damage to inhibiting foraging success, resulting in suboptimal fecundity; e.g. bees [ 64], damselflies [ 52].

The pattern suggests one of two possibilities: 1) males may reduce their signalling effort at high density or 2) not be able to produce high intensity signals because of trade-offs with costly competition.

In addition, numerous changes of the position of the signaling male may reduce predation risk from eavesdropping predators like spiders [47].

Roger Ramsden, the chief executive of Saga Services, says: "It is generally believed that the new unisex rates will end up sitting somewhere between the current male and female rates; so in theory male rates may reduce, and female rates may rise as a result".

Alternatively, male aggression may reduce female fecundity indirectly due to a male trade-off between time spent on courtship (and copulation) and defense of a territory leading to a lower insemination rate of philopatric females [37].

Others have described biologically plausible mechanisms by which male circumcision may reduce the transmission of certain STIs [ 18, 19, 44, 45].

In many ecological contexts, males may adaptively reduce their paternity probability to reduce the risk of infanticide.

In addition, in the Virunga Massif, the high frequency of multi-male groups and reduced reproductive monopolization by the dominant male [ 33] may reduce the impetus for reproductive-age females to emigrate to avoid inbreeding, thus permitting the co-residence of natal female relatives [ 30].