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Often, these threats can be identified or accounted for in a study by adding pretests and comparison groups to a research design, using specific designs, or making statistical adjustments.
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In analyzing the results of observational studies, scientists make statistical adjustments to adjust for the potential confounding factors that they can measure — age, alcohol consumption, exercise, employment, and the like.
These 1990 and 2000 figures do not reflect the Census Bureau's attempts to make statistical adjustments to compensate for undercounting.
Even when the researchers made statistical adjustments to ensure they were comparing apples to apples — that is, scientists at similar institutions with similar academic track records — the disparity persisted.
Rather than make statistical adjustments for the type of respondent, separate analyses were conducted, with risk estimated using data from participants only and from participants and proxies combined.
As low SEP is more likely to involve fixed length shift-based work one possible explanation is that these occupational ST differences reflect the longer working hours of professionals in higher SEP groups, although we had no information on work times to examine this hypothesis or make statistical adjustments.
We also made statistical adjustment for salivary cotinine levels and self reported alcohol consumption in all models.
Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) will be used for evaluating primary outcomes in case relevant baseline imbalances will make statistical adjustment necessary.
Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) will be used for evaluating primary outcomes in case relevant baseline imbalances (for example in the prescription of targeted drugs) will make statistical adjustment necessary.
This makes it difficult to assess whether CRP and fibrinogen lie on the same causal pathway to CHD, and whether it is legitimate to make statistical adjustment for fibrinogen in the many observational associations of CRP with CHD (and vice versa).
We also made statistical adjustment for salivary cotinine levels, self-reported alcohol consumption, maternal age, maternal vegetarian diet, Index of Multiple Deprivation (IMD) score, the mother having a university degree, past history of miscarriage and long-term chronic illness in all models.
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com