Scientific literacy has been defined in multiple ways, all of which emphasize students' abilities to make use of scientific knowledge in real-world situations (American Association for the Advancement of Science [AAAS], 1990, 2010; Bybee, 1993; Maienschein et al., 1998; Millar et al., 1998; DeBoer, 2000).
Observations and recommendations are provided to stimulate further thought about how to increase opportunities to make greater use of scientific knowledge in air-quality decision making and to ensure that decisions are effective, economically viable, health and ecologically sound, and socially acceptable.
One of the main objectives of EBM is to make large amounts of scientific knowledge more accessible, and developing clinical guidelines with recommendations to support clinical decisions seemed the obvious way to proceed.
Third, we can learn from quality improvement efforts that have exploited systems of care to make up for the absence of scientific knowledge and bedside expertise.
The dominant theory of professional practice holds that "professional activity consists in instrumental problem solving made rigorous by the application of scientific knowledge and technique" (Schön 1983, p. 21).
"Many of the judges say that they fear their lack of scientific knowledge could cause them to make mistakes," he said.
By unearthing academic research from years past, lawyers for the cigarette companies said, they would prove that any comments tobacco executives made were "entirely reasonable," given the state of scientific knowledge at the time.
The main goal of the workshop was to review the current state of scientific knowledge and to make recommendations for future research priorities.
The free circulation of scientific knowledge, ideas, and people have made Eastern science much more competitive.
