Mr Obama's OIRA notes that a growing body of research argues that consumers don't always make rational choices; Mr Gayer counters that regulators do not make appropriate use of that research in their calculations.Under Mr Obama, rule-makers' assumptions not only enhance the benefits of rules but also reduce the costs.
One purpose of public engagement may be to test whether or not decision-maker assumptions about what the public wants are in fact accurate and valid (II:10).
I'm sympathetic to one thing here: the desire (albeit voiced by an ideologically-motivated critic, for whom aesthetics seem not to matter), for movies to wear like a bold blazon their makers' doctrinal assumptions.
We also show how the resulting institutional change is not only able to subvert policy makers' original assumptions, for instance about how to target and distribute the payments, but can also contribute to the reproduction of unequal power relations.
By surfacing decision maker's underlying assumptions and expanding their perception for different potential future developments, such processes have been shown to effectively reduce biased judgment and increase decision quality (Bradfield 2008; Meissner and Wulf 2013; Schoemaker 1993).
In a presentation to an investor conference in New York, Ericsson, the world's biggest mobile network maker, said its planning assumptions for fourth-quarter sales were now at the lower end of the range that it forecast last month.
In assessing the likely effect on competition from the proposed stake sale, the ACCC considered the potential for vertical integration between Rio Tinto's Australian iron ore operations and Chinese steel makers, based on the assumption that Chinalco and various manufacturers are all state-owned entities and thus may have common commercial interests.
Since this guideline can have serious impacts on the cost, lifetime, and even the mission and functionality of a satellite, it is critical that casualty expectation (Ec) be estimated well, and decision-makers understand all assumptions and limitations inherent in the result.
Discrete event simulation is shown to be much more than an exercise in quantitative analysis of results and an important task of the simulation project manager is to initiate a debate among decision makers regarding the assumptions of how the system operates.
However, attention needs to be given by policy makers to the assumptions underpinning both the models and the control strategies examined.
