In 1896, the Supreme Court made segregation legal in Plessy v. Ferguson.
Once the hatchery fish are released, the pragmatists say, you cannot control where they swim, making segregation unrealistic.
These, he wrote, were the inescapable realities, and these realities made segregation necessary, at least until the Negro could become a fit companion for whites.
The Republican administration had introduced a strong bill, Title III of which would have made segregation illegal in schools and public places such as swimming pools and restaurants.
The Clarks' findings, that black children from segregated schools were more likely to prefer white dolls, played a part in the landmark supreme court decision in Brown v Board of Education that made segregation illegal in the US.
The interconnectivity of participants and outcomes makes segregation of causal relationships difficult.
Others say it is a step backwards -- that it makes segregation look like a workable solution for American society.
We are, this year, 60 years removed from the epochal Brown v. Board of Education decision rendered by the U.S. Supreme Court in 1954, which made segregation illegal in educational institutions.
I was born in Kansas in 1957, three years after the U.S. Supreme Court Brown vs. Board of Education decision litigated in that state made segregation in public schools illegal nationwide.
