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The microbes in question make a toxin, called BMAA, which accumulates up the food chain, reaching humans in big doses via plants and bats.
They make a toxin called domoic acid, which is consumed by other plankton that in turn become food for fish and other organisms.
Under the proposed rules, scientists would be asked to determine whether a proposed study met the definition of DURC for example, whether the experiment might make a toxin more deadly or confer resistance to treatments, and whether the results "could be directly misapplied to pose a significant threat" to the public.
Other times, the gene isn't lazy, if you will, but is actively malicious -- it makes a protein that it's not supposed to make, a toxin.
Thus, the strategy we adopted for this 4-year field study to detect human health effects of recurring occupational exposure to an organism that may or may not actually make a toxin (that may or may not affect humans), and that may or may not cause fish kills and fish lesions, was to simply monitor for the organism itself, with an assay proven to be able to detect "toxic" strains.
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It makes a toxin that deters insects and other animals from eating the plant and also protects its host against disease and drought.
Such bacteria can make a poison or toxin that can make you ill.
So, why does the body go to the trouble to make a difficult-to-excrete toxin?
Immortalized MCF-10A cells were cultured in mammary epithelial cell growth medium (MEGM) CC-31500, Lonza) containing 100 ng/ml of cholera toxin to make a complete growth culture medium.
Its MicroBlue filter blocks many of the toxins that make a cigarette dangerous but doesn't disturb the ingredients that give it flavor and produce that seductive though addictive nicotine buzz.
Matthew didn't use standard Botox on the celebrities he used Xeomin, a high-end brand of Botox made from a toxin that kicks in faster than Botox because it lacks proteins.
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com