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Recently, a dual or multiple origin of domesticated rice has been the prevailing opinion among rice scientists because rice is clearly differentiated into two major varietal groups, indica and japonica, and several minor groups.
The fact that the key domestication allele for non-shattering is the same in varieties of indica and japonica rice tested to date means that a single domestication of rice, at least for the major varietal groups, was not just possible but probable.
Though minor changes were evident within the subclusters of the major varietal types, the relative position of the major clusters remained preserved.
It is important to evaluate molecular diversity existing among the members of the Saccharum species and related genera, since major varietal improvement in sugarcane was through inter-specific hybridization.
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This included 30 accessions of the main class of cultivated tea belonging to three major traditional varietal types namely C. sinensis (China type), C. assamica (Assam type) and C. assamica ssp.
This reticulate structure complicates interpretation of the network; however, outgroup rooting clearly split the network into two large groups strongly associated with the two major O. sativa varietal groups, JAPONICA (tropical japonica, temperate japonica, aromatic) and INDICA (indica, aus), referred to as cpGroup I (or the JAPONICA-cpGroup) and cpGroup VIII (or the INDICA-cpGroup), respectively.
Rice varieties are traditionally classified into two major subspecies or varietal groups, Indica and Japonica, which differ in their adaptation to different climatic, ecogeographic and cultural conditions [2].
CHILE -- Major red grape varietals include cabernet sauvignon, merlot and carmenere.
The API will offer access to Wine.com's "Wine Basics" content, which includes information about the world's major wine growing regions and grape varietals.
Many strategies to keep the durability of resistance have been suggested, including multi-varietal planting, pyramiding of major R genes, and using partial resistance genes (Khush and Jena 2009).
How can the pre-domestication indica/japonica tendency in wild rice be compatible with a single origin of domesticated rice that is strongly suggested by a single major non-shattering allele in the two varietal groups?
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