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Here, we aimed to clarify the roles of state and trait anxiety in physical activity participation by examining relationships among seven major study variables in Taiwanese adults with anxiety disorders.
In addition, differences in major study variables between faculties were examined and results indicated that students from the Faculty of Engineering and Information and those from the Faculty of Economics and Business respectively reported the highest and the lowest level of linguistic confidence, L2 proficiency and socio-cultural adaptation among the five faculties sampled.
We measured all the major study variables with well-validated scales adopted from prior studies.
Thus, we strongly encourage future studies to adopt a lab experiment method to further gauge the causality among our major study variables.
Details of the reliability and validity coefficients for each of the major study variables are described in the measurement section.
No significant differences were recorded between those who refused initially and those who participated on all major study variables.
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Although we use objective SES to classify participants, we also include subjective SES as a major study variable, as previous studies have indicated that it reliably influences psychological processes and health independently of objective SES [ 23, 24].
MRSC, the major GI study variable was softer with the NoPALM feeding compared with the PALM feeding (p <0.001) during the metabolic phase; however, stools were less frequent with the NoPALM feeding (p < 0.036).
Study variables included Major Diagnostic Category, age, gender, ambulance use, admission status, length of hospital stay, comorbidity, and in-hospital mortality.
Two major study strengths are the inclusion of some family variables and the multi-level analysis.
The cross-sectional nature of research is a major limitation of the study as it cannot confirm the causal relationships between study variables.
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