This chapter presents a brief introduction to the concepts behind standardization, including some of the major standards bodies relevant to the fiber optic industry.
Furthermore, a comprehensive survey is given to M2M service requirements, major current standardization efforts, and upcoming M2M-related challenges.
Recently, the major 3G standardization bodies, that is, the 3G Partnership Project (3GPP) and the 3GPP2, have defined the orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) scheme as the dominant physical layer (PHY) communication technology.
The major source of standardization within electrical and electronic technologies is the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC).
Narora Atomic Power Station commissioned in 1991 marked major indigenization and standardization of PHWR designs.
Last, in addition to the device or changeover technique, a major issue is standardization of the circuit to eliminate variations in dead volume, compliance, resistance, and flow rate [21].
Major goals are standardization of diagnostic workflow, hierarchical order of methods, and combination of single results.
Nonetheless, the major problem of standardization to date is represented by the lack of protocols for routinely clinical application.
Last, in addition to the device or changeover technique, a major issue is standardization of the circuit to eliminate variations in dead volume, compliance, resistance, and flow rate [ 21].
Concurrent with participating in standardization work, major vendors have been active in femtocell product development.
