Example application domains include: public transportation systems, electricity distribution grids, urban water distribution systems, and maintenance of pavement and bridge systems.
One of the main concerns in road and transportation engineering is asphalt distress and the immense amount of money spent on repair and maintenance of asphalt pavements.
Performing comprehensive research on the functional behavior of asphalt pavements under the influence of various environmental and structural parameters can better assist the engineers in the design and maintenance of asphalt pavements.
Bond condition between layers in a rigid flexible composite pavement is a key factor affecting the durability and maintenance of the pavement.
A massive amount of non-renewable materials and industrial products like aggregates, bitumen, cement, lime, and other additives are consumed during construction and maintenance of this pavement system.
'Maintenance' consists of pavement resurfacing and replacement of worn out safety and traffic control equipment.
The impact assessment focused on the cumulative energy demand and greenhouse gas emission in the material, construction, and maintenance phases of pavement life-cycle.
These data provide specific geometric rules that govern a persistent maintenance phase of pavement cell growth that contributes significantly to the size increase of the cotyledon.
Therefore, during this maintenance phase of pavement cell morphogenesis, fields of expanding cells follow a previously defined pattern and accommodate the growth of their neighbors: indentations, protrusions, and midzones of adjacent cells expand in harmony.
Maintenance of urban road pavements is shown as critical in city management.
