Sentence examples for maintains infection from inspiring English sources

However, the use of coreceptor alone does not explain viral tropism, as not all R5 viruses are able to use CCR5 on macrophages for a productive infection and HIV can also infect a subtype of myeloid dendritic cells, which probably constitute a reservoir that maintains infection when CD4+ T cell numbers have declined to extremely low levels.

That HIV maintains infection by passive latency, whereby some of the integrated viral DNA remains dormant within the nucleus of the host cell, retaining a capability to activate a full cycle of viral replication in the future.

The authors speculate that since intestinal epithelial cells undergo rapid cell turnover, the bacteria promote cell cycle arrest to maintain infection; infected cells under cell cycle arrest resist apoptosis induction, since the cells are TUNEL-negative [ 34].

Identification of subclinically infected animals is therefore important, as they are the main cause of maintained infection of a herd and of transmission of Map infections between herds and premises [ 3].

The fundamental properties of a functional virus are the ability to replicate the genome, to form infectious virions, and to cope with the host defense in order to establish and maintain infection; a virus meeting all these criteria is biologically fit.

Alternatively, in established infection once a certain bacterial density has been achieved, PVL may play only a minimal role in maintaining infection.

This finding implies that S. aureus require the acquisition of heme-iron at some point during dissemination in order to establish and maintain infection.

Yet, due to the absence of an integrative DNA stage in this virus family, such as seen in Retroviridae family, a constant production of viral RNA and proteins must occur in Hepacivirus members in order to maintain infection persistence.

Using murine models of intravenous or UTI infections we demonstrated that in each of the tests applied, E. faecalis cells lacking a functional sigV gene were significantly impaired in their ability to establish and maintain infection for which a major hallmark is systemic dissemination, moving from the site of infection into the kidneys.

Using our murine model of septic arthritis infection we have demonstrated that in each of the tests applied, to determine the extent and severity of disease, S. aureus cells lacking a functional sigS gene were significantly impaired in their ability to establish and maintain infection.

Acquisition of nutrients by the fungus is therefore central to establishing and maintaining infection.