Also, associative LTP is not systematically affected in Mecp2 deficient preparations [10] [12], but when defective, is rescued by reintroduction of Mecp2 [13] suggesting that the presence of Mecp2 in the adult is important to maintain synaptic function, possibly due to the activity-dependent control of BDNF production by Mecp2 [15], [15].
Second, there are at least two mechanisms (AP2-dependent and AP2-independent) for endocytosis at synapses in C. elegans that regenerate synaptic vesicles and maintain synaptic function.
Moreover, Gu et al. show that C. elegans uses at least two endocytotic mechanisms (AP2-dependent and independent) to recycle vesicles and so maintain synaptic function.
BDNF is produced as a biologically inactive form (pro-BDNF) but once converted to mature BDNF, has a pivotal role not only in neuronal survival and differentiation, but also in maintaining synaptic structure, function and plasticity.
56, 57 Our findings are consistent with these studies, and suggest an important role for BDNF in learning and memory 9 and in maintaining synaptic plasticity, which is involved in functions such as long-term potentiation.
All these data suggest that exercise can influence the effect of DHA on neuron membrane function, and help to maintain synaptic and cognitive function by supporting membrane stability.
We have recently shown that PS expression in postnatal mouse brain is required for maintaining normal synaptic function and memory [5].
Thus, interventions that rescue mitochondrial function, mitochondrial localization, and associated defects may maintain synaptic plasticity and neurological function [57].
The strongest functional candidate at this locus is MYH7B which encodes a myosin heavy chain protein that maintains excitatory synaptic function.
Interestingly, transgenic rescue experiments for the electrophysiological defects failed to work in both mutants, emphasizing the importance of fine-tuning ERK activity for maintaining normal synaptic functions.
