Driven underground by ʿAbbāsid intolerance and a maturing ideology of covert revolutionism, the Ismāʿīlī Shīʿites had developed mechanisms to maintain solidarity and undertake political action.
Mr. Britto has filmed veteran soldiers at Fort Dix, N.J., describing the daps, or hand slaps, they used to maintain solidarity and morale while serving in Vietnam.
The euro's critics are right to complain that maintaining an economic federation without political institutions — to enforce transparent accounting standards or maintain "solidarity" with transparent transfers from richer to poorer nations — can lead to crises like "the Greek nightmare".
The euro's critics are right to complain that maintaining an economic federation without political institutions to enforce transparent accounting standards or maintain "solidarity" with transparent transfers from richer to poorer nations can lead to crises like "the Greek nightmare".
On perhaps the darkest day yet for the social network, even Professor Beard's disclosure provoked only more arguments, as the journalist Giles Coren publicly criticised her for failing to maintain solidarity with the social networking silent protest.
Alan Rosenberg, the president of the actors' union, said in a letter to its members on Monday that their continued support of the writers' strike "is important to maintaining solidarity and protecting the rights of creative artists".
The dominant themes will be Middle Eastern: Syria, Iran and the Israeli-Palestinian impasse, and the familiar challenge will be how to maintain solidarity between the west and its Gulf allies in that arena.
The Somali historian Said Samatar aptly described their predecessors, the Union of Islamic courts, as a "fragile coalition of clans wrapped in an Islamic flag to look respectable"; al-Shabab similarly relies heavily on kinship ties to maintain solidarity and confront its enemies.
The university's professor of management, Yehuda Baruch, even warned that trying to stop people from swearing could have a negative impact: "In many cases, taboo language serves the needs of people for developing and maintaining solidarity, and as a mechanism to cope with stress.
The organizers do their best to communicate to everyone via bullhorns and maintain solidarity.
