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Here, Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVECs) were either maintained in static condition or exposed to laminar shear stress (48 ml/min) for 12 h.
Thus, this study demonstrates that culturing techniques that utilize fluid flow, and in particular the flow perfusion system, improve the properties of the seeded cells over those maintained in static culture.
For comparison, Kupcsik et al. (Kupcsik et al. 2010) reported that sox9 gene transfer in isolated human bone marrow-derived MSCs enhanced the production of matrix components under mechanical stimulation but not when modified cells were maintained in static culture conditions.
In this regard, we provided evidence of the capability of this vector class to target isolated human bone marrow-derived MSCs (Venkatesan et al. 2012) and most notably of human bone marrow aspirates (Rey-Rico et al. 2015a) maintained in static conditions.
FAK+/+ and FAK−/− osteoblast clones were also exposed to both methods of FF for 30 minutes or maintained in static culture conditions.
Osteoblasts were exposed to 2 hours of FF or maintained in static culture conditions then incubated for an additional ∼20 hours upon which time RNA was harvested.
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In addition, interest was found to be better maintained in the static mode than in the animated mode, but there was no difference between the two types of game modes in respect of gameplay anxiety.
It has been shown that the retina is a complex tissue lined by a pigment epithelium that cannot be maintained in the static environment of a culture dish over prolonged periods of time.
Here we showed that the distance between the two fish was not maintained in a static condition (Fig. S3).
Pretest 2 was conducted after all hamsters were maintained in a static LD cycle for 28 days to determine if jet lag had lingering effects on learning and memory long after cessation of the temporal disruption.
Mice were maintained in conventional static microisolator cages (1 5 mice per cage) with cob bedding and a paper supplement for enrichment and nesting, light/dark cycles of 12 hours, temperate regulated at 70 F, with continuous access to water and standard mouse chow.
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