Recommendations for diphtheria immunization are to apply an effective primary immunization in infancy and to maintain immunity throughout life.
DCs are the most potent of the professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs), with the unique capacity to prime naive T cell reponses and to maintain immunity acting as sentinels of the immune system [11], [12].
However, our findings may suggest that higher doses of RES are needed to sustain immune responses; thus, additional experiments are required to fully determine whether RES can maintain immunity during aging.
He said he had previously had a limited number of anthrax vaccinations, including an annual booster to maintain immunity.
Still, it seems to be the most efficient method of curbing the disease in areas where polio is still present (polio-free countries, like the UK, are using inactivated vaccine to maintain immunity).
Indeed, joining the Senate is the only way he can maintain immunity against prosecution for offences carried out during his days of power, when at least 3,000 civilians were murdered or "disappeared".
Several studies have revealed an association between hereditary susceptibility to prostate cancer and sequence variations in a gene called RNASEL (ribonuclease L), which plays a role in maintaining immunity against viral infections.
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In practice, if you are vaccinated in September, say, and the flu virus is circulating from November through February, your memory cells are constantly being reminded to maintain immunity, extending the vaccine's effectiveness.
It is possible the chronic parasitaemia helps to maintain immunity (i.e. premunition), but there was no evidence of an early increase in malaria cases among older children in the survival plots.
