Slt2/Mpk1 is the MAP kinase that responds to cell wall stress and plays an important role in maintaining cell wall integrity [14].
In addition, heat shock activates the MAP kinase homolog Mpk1 that maintains cell wall integrity and prevents cell lysis when cells are grown at elevated temperature [33].
Thus, in pathogenic fungi, the ability to maintain cell wall integrity is critical to the establishment of disease within the host.
Overall, these data argue that over-expression of Rv2744c increases resistance of M. smegmatis to peptidoglycan-disrupting antibiotics, possibly helping to maintain cell wall homeostasis.
Melanin has a role in the structure and stability of the conidial cell wall [61] and it is conceivable that hyphal melanin may be involved in maintaining cell wall stability in response to stress.
Because mutants with defects in cell wall integrity, such as cna1Δ, mpk1Δ, and ras1Δ, are hypersensitive to fludioxonil [7], [19], we also examined the role of Hrk1 in maintaining cell wall integrity.
Our study thus provides new evidence on the conserved function of Sec22 among fungal organisms and indicates that MoSec22 has a role in maintaining cell wall integrity affecting the growth, morphogenesis, and virulence of M. oryzae.
We postulate that proteolytic cleavage of the 35-kDa antigen by PepD helps maintain cell wall homeostasis in Mycobacterium and regulates specific stress response pathways during periods of extracytoplasmic stress.
To maintain cell wall integrity, new polymers are synthesized simultaneously and added to the growing wall.
GPLs are required for sliding motility, biofilm formation and for maintaining cell wall integrity [ 7, 8].
