The large levels of additive genetic variation suggest that natural or artificial selection for a single or optimal morphotype is not strong within these strains, and it is possible that heterogeneity in the natural or hatchery environments (microhabitat, density, food availability, temperature) has selected for and maintained variable morphotypes.
One of the few empirically derived and psychometrically sound scales is the Questions About Behavioral Function (QABF), a 25-item questionnaire designed to rate specific behavioral functions and maintaining variables.
Multivariable models were built using backward stepwise regression from a model including all variables with p < 0.1 in univariate analysis and maintaining variables with p < 0.05 in the multivariate analysis.
A manual stepwise backward selection approach was used, considering as the criterion for maintaining variables in the model a p-value of less than 0.05 on the penalized log-likelihood ratio test.
Indeed, Kuss [ 11] describes how the preference for online social relationships, the need for escapism, and use of maladaptive coping strategies to deal with daily stressors become maintaining variables.
Risk factors for S. aureus and MRSA colonization were compared with Pearson's chi-squared test (Table 2), and a multivariable logistic regression model was constructed in a reverse step-wise fashion to analyze risk factors for S. aureus carriage, beginning with all demographic and population characteristics from Table 2, and maintaining variables with p < 0.20 in the final multivariable model.
For each sample, we maintain a variable which describes the associated effect of the assigned intervention.
To maintain the variable depth levels, each video sequence has been retargeted by selecting different camera pairs from the available multiview video sequences.
This work investigates how the design and operation of MSF desalination process are to be optimized in order to maintain a variable monthly demand of freshwater with changing fouling factor and changing seawater temperatures throughout the year.
All neurocognitive measures were standardised to have a mean of zero and a standard deviation of one, apart from the 'failure to maintain set' variable of the WCST (which is categorical) and IQ score.
