Cooperating partnerships of two to four males are more successful at maintaining tenure with a pride than individuals, and larger coalitions father more surviving offspring per male.
This is a point that is missing in the current debate about the teacher's unions, which are fighting to maintain life tenure after only three years of employment and block all attempts at firing ineffective teachers.
After initial domestication, the aphid clones would have continued to benefit from the symbiosis, because the premature death of most early instar nymphs (which individually are of low value as sugar providers for the ants) reduces competition over resources and reproduction, and extensive clonality ensures that vertical transmission will maintain clonal tenure within nests.
Maintaining my tenure was fairly straightforward.
IAP period seems like an opportunity pass on some of the invisible knowledge of the academy; things like project management for science; managing bibliographies; care and feeding of professional networks; maintaining your tenure file; responding to reviewers; turning a dissertation into a book; communicating your work to the public & media; or writing compelling proposals.
She found that households with no legal claim to property spent an average of 13.4 h per week maintaining informal tenure security, reflecting a 14%% reduction in household labor supply.
Mr. Motsepe said the government had a difficult line to walk: "The challenge -- and I've got confidence in the way it's being done -- is that while you introduce these changes, these social changes, that you maintain security of tenure, you maintain respect for property rights and you retain the competitiveness of the South African mining industry".
"Celtic haven't been playing well at all but I think they'll be too strong". Despite Celtic moving eight points clear at the top of the Premiership with five games left, many believe a second straight title - and even a league and cup double - may not be enough to maintain Deila's tenure into a third season.
As used in developing countries, biotech crops are shifting power away from small, poor farmers desperately trying to eke out livelihoods and maintain their land tenure.
And the Tolo River People of Colombia, who own 32,000 acres of rainforest, have also started using REDD programs to help them maintain their land tenure, joining the Surui and many others in the burgeoning voluntary carbon market.
