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Other integrins maintain strain continuity of the FA by switching from low to high affinity, but lower energy, states.
Recombination also makes it extremely difficult to maintain malaria 'strains' that differ in characteristics such as virulence or immune profile because the recombinants must be eliminated, placing a heavy recombination 'load' on the population to maintain strain 'purity' [10].
The ability to maintain strain homology may be critical in the development and evaluation of MCM against arenaviruses.
It can be viewed as the extreme inbreeding strategy and an efficient strategy for Wolbachia to maintain strain diversity jointly with local adaptation of its host in parapatric populations.
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Standard genetic techniques and media were used to construct and maintain strains (Sabatinos and Forsburg, 2010).
An exception to this finding is that red deer seem to maintain strains that induce HGA (4 ).
The ability to generate clean protonemal tissue is particularly useful, because many laboratories maintain strains as protonema given the ease of manipulating plants at this stage.
These results proved the important role of proline and myo-inositol biosynthesis in maintaining strain growth ability under FAP stress.
These observations suggest that environment is a dominant influence upon the GTM profiles since progeny would otherwise have maintained strain-specific GTM profiles.
There were some variations in aggressiveness among field isolates and maintained strains but there were no races reported, by 2011.
This was accomplished by maintaining strains 1 and 2 in the presence (high ERK activity) or absence (low ERK activity) of transforming growth factor alpha (TGFα).
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