Rainfall deviates relatively little each year from the annual averages and is effective enough to maintain soil moisture and surface drainage throughout the year.
The node and leaves of each fragment were placed on the surface of the soil, which was then covered with a 1-cm-deep layer of vermiculite to help maintain soil moisture.
To maintain soil fertility, the fertilization amount must also increase.
Plants grown under drained soil were watered daily to maintain soil humidity at field capacity.
This will help, in part, to maintain soil fertility.
Improving and maintaining soil structure is known to aid nutrient retention and soil biological health.
Low or no-till farming saves energy and maintains soil health while sequestering carbon into the soil.
Water was maintained above the soil surface in CF and at 10 cm depth in PF.
Subsurface drip irrigation provides water to the plants around the root zone while maintaining a dry soil surface.
From the second leaf stage on, the water level in each plastic container was maintained at the soil surface level by using tap water.
