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Such selection on expression magnitude, in combination with selection to maintain dosage balance, would explain the survival of the WGD duplicates for these two classes of genes.
This observation could be explained by selection for the retention of dosage-sensitive duplicates to maintain dosage balance following genome duplication in which case the shared single copy genes may represent a random subset of genes that are free to be lost following duplication.
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Severe side effects often cause the next cycle to be delayed, even though maintaining dosage is crucial for therapeutic success.
In this context, neither European Society of Cardiology nor American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association guidelines provide any specific recommendation regarding starting and maintaining dosage, oral or intravenous infusion, and time course of treatment [ 1].
Compared to the general trend of expansion of protein domain architectures, it is likely that negative selection after WGD maintained dosages of specific protein domain architectures at levels equivalent to the presumed ancestral genome.
We designed three protocols to raise the serum ZNS concentration (SZC): (1) increase the dose in three steps, from 3 to 10 mg/kg every 3 days, (2) increase the dose from 5 to 10 mg/kg over 3 7 days, and (3) start with 10 mg/kg and maintain this dosage for 2 weeks.
Females carry two X chromosomes, one of which is randomly inactivated during early embryogenesis in order to maintain the dosage balance of proteins for both sexes [ 71- 73].
The losartan concentration was adjusted according to body weight and water consumption to maintain a dosage of 20 mg/kg/day [ 26] and the treatment was interrupted 24 h before sacrificing.
Even if a gene pair survives polyploidy, perhaps because of subfunctionalization (Lynch and Force 2000) or tendency to maintain product dosage balance (Freeling 2009), that does not mean that all parts of the gene will remain duplicated.
For example, redundant recently duplicated copies can acquire deleterious mutations (Li 1997; Kondrashov and Kondrashov 2006) or selection may prevent fixation of a duplicated gene in order to maintain appropriate dosage (Papp et al. 2003).
At the end of the intervention period, the participants will have reached at home the last progression level reached on-site and will be encouraged to maintain the dosage and progression level.
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