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We postulate that the unique mechanical responses of type IV pili unravelled here enable the bacteria to firmly attach to biotic and abiotic surfaces and thus maintain attachment when subjected to high shear forces under physiological conditions, helping to explain why pili play a critical role in colonization of the host.
A remarkable feature of kinetochores is that they maintain attachment to growing or disassembling microtubules (Mitchison et al, 1986; Mitchison, 1989; Rieder and Salmon, 1998).
Almost three decades ago it was proposed that kinetochores might maintain attachment to microtubules by encircling the microtubule with a processive sliding collar (Margolis and Wilson, 1981).
They also showed that the force-induced conformation reveals hidden epitopes previously buried in the pili, providing a means for the bacteria to maintain attachment to the host while withstanding intermittent forces.
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The photo essay, originally featured in Hello Mr., is a vibrant archive of the inanimate things we maintain attachments to even after connections to their owners have been severed.
Major puzzles are the molecular details of how kinetochores generate and maintain attachments to microtubule plus-ends that are continually gaining and losing tubulin dimers.
If attachment-mediated disruptions in cellular ATP homeostasis were sufficient to impair the ability to conduct vital cellular functions, over time an inability to maintain attachments could reduce the repair and replacement of disrupted complexes, thereby creating a vicious downward cycle in these mutants.
This relationship stemmed from the Fujiwara policy of maintaining attachment to the imperial family through the marriage of Fujiwara daughters to emperors.
The asterix in the above right trace marks the deliberate movement of the stage, showing motor maintained attachment to the microtubule.
Although all four locations of accelerometer attachment in the practical utility study were successful at recording the intensity and duration of PA, issues arose with maintaining attachment of the devices at the sacrum and sternum and hence data loss occurred.
Preterm infants usually have difficulties in latching on and maintaining this position and having a nipple shield will assist the infant in maintaining attachment to achieve effective breast milk transfer.
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com