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Although it is possible in principle to use a compass for this task, the directional information that is required to maintain a heading need not involve any absolute geographical reference at all.
Moreover, that anosmic birds did not differ from controls in their track straightness indicates that anosmic birds' ability to maintain a heading, most probably by reference to a compass36, also remained intact.
"All they have to do is to maintain a heading relative to that landmark and they'll be OK," he says.
But to these two steps we should perhaps add a third, in which directional information is used to maintain a heading that has been set, without updating that course on the basis of some updated estimate of position relative to home.
Similar(56)
Migrating monarchs rely on the sun to maintain a constant heading.
First, a flying animal might use the sun to maintain a constant heading towards a target with which it is not in sensory contact.
One way is by giving it to Burton, who has long maintained a head-turning aplomb as he presents each new theatrical entertainment.
High winds or small-scale turbulence causing birds to work harder to maintain a constant heading could explain our results.
This could affect a bird's ability to fly steadily or maintain a constant heading and thus increase its energy expenditure.
The relatively constant direction of these fields may allow animals drifting in the ocean to maintain a constant heading relative to the water current stream (passive mode) [25] but direct empirical tests are few [26].
To put this in perspective, at a cruising speed of 60 km/h, and in the absence of any wind, a homing pigeon maintaining a constant heading with respect to the sun would fly a circular arc of radius 229 km.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com